Evolution of the Birth Rates and Infant Mortality Rates between 1990-2007 in Cluj District

Abstract

Despite this generally positive trend, our country continues to have the highest rates of infant mortality between countries and EU candidate countries, with a better reporting system of infant mortality. The study aims to identify and assess infectious risk factors affecting the survival chances of the child. This study is a descriptive epidemiological study of Cluj district population of children under 1 year, born between 2001-2007. In Cluj district, birth rate is rising slightly from 8.8 ‰ in 2000 to 9.3 ‰ in 2007, with a peak in rural areas (10.3 ‰) in 2000 and a minimum urban areas (7.8 ‰) in 2001. Infant mortality rate gradually decreases (29.7 ‰ in 1990 to 14.1 ‰ in 2007) but remains much higher in rural compared to urban (24.1 ‰ in 1990 to 10.2 ‰ in 2007). In the evolution of infant mortality depending on the causes of death between 1991-2007 there was a decrease in deaths due to respiratory disease, due to perinatal pathology and due to infectious and parasitic diseases. Congenital malformations death rate remains high and at constant level. Infant mortality is obviously decreasing, but its value remains among the highest in Europe. There is a very high proportion of deaths from respiratory diseases. These deaths are considered avoidable.