Abstract

Introduction. Active pharmaceutical ingredients are present in various sections of the environment, because of both the human and veterinary use of medicinal products. Ways of minimizing the risk of environmental contamination should be observed during all pharmaceutical activities (research, manufacturing, prescribing, dispensing and disposal of medicinal products).

Methods. For the present study we searched specific literature on this subject, using the main international databases (Thomson Reuters – Web of Science, SCOPUS and Science Direct).

Results. This narrative review focuses on the main aspects concerning environmental contamination with medicinal products. Consequently, the present study is structured on four different topics: environmental research on medicinal products, minimizing environmental contamination, waste disposal management and towards a greener community pharmacy. 

Conclusion. Waste management activities are important for reducing the presence of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the environment. Pharmacists should inform patients on proper pharmaceutical waste disposal and organize collection programs for unused and expired medicines, in order to develop a greener pharmacy for the future. 

Keywords

medicinal products, environment, pharmaceutical waste disposal, green pharmacy, active pharmaceutical ingredients